CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY

Probability in diagnosis

Bayes’ rule

Normal clinical values

Disease screening

Evaluation of diagnostic tests

Clinimetrics

Evidence-based medicine

Assessment of agreement

Scoring systems

 

CATEGORICAL DATA

Binomial distribution

Capture-recapture method

Contingency table

Goodness-of-fit tests

Exact tests

Ordinal data

Partition of chi-square

Polytomous data

Multinomial test

Measures of association

Logistic regression

Log-linear models

Cox regression

Classification and regression trees

 

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES

Prospective and cohort studies

Retrospective and case-control studies

Cross-sectional analytical studies

Comparative features

Biases

Confounding

Relative risk

Odds ratio

Population attributable risk

Mentel-Haenszel procedure

 

CLINICAL TRIALS

Phases of clinical trials

Randomization and matching

Randomized controlled trials

Blinding and masking

Equivalence trials

Therapeutic trials

Diagnostic trials

Screening trials

Prophylactic trials

Vaccine trials

Field trials

Crossover design

Up-and-down design

Intention-to-treat analysis

End-points and surrogates

 

DESIGNS OF EXPERIMENT

Principles of experimentation

Animal and laboratory experiments

One-way and two-way designs

Interaction

Factorial designs

Unbalanced designs

Partially factorial designs

Repeated measures designs

Crossover and N-of-1 designs

 

MEDICAL RESEARCH

Protocol content

Critique of a medical write-up

Types of research designs

Tools of data collection

Pretesting and pilot study

Nonresponse

Biases

Levels of evidence

 

SAMPLE SURVEYS

Sampling terms

Methods of random sampling

Methods of nonrandom sampling

Choosing a sample design

Delphi method

 

DATA REPRESENTATION—NUMERICAL

Nominal, ordinal and metric scales

Frequency distribution

Gaussian and other patterns

Skewness

Statistical tables

Multiple-response

Proportion, rate and ratio

Mean, median and mode

Percentiles and quartiles

Standard deviation and coefficient of variation

 

DATA REPRESENTATION—GRAPHICAL

Histogram, polygon, and curve

Pie, bar, scatter, and line diagrams

Charts and maps

Growth charts

Epidemic curve

Dendrogram

 

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Confidence intervals

P-values and power

Sample size determination

Statistical significance

Medical significance

Student’s t-test

Analysis of variance (ANOVA)

Analysis of covariance

Simple and multiple regression

Various types of correlations

Nonparametric methods

 

MEDICAL UNCERTAINTIES

Aleatory and epistemic uncertainties

Intrinsic variation

Variation in assessment

Inadequate knowledge

 

MULTIVARIATE METHODS

Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA)

Multivariate regression

Cluster analysis

Factor analysis

Discriminant analysis

 

SURVIVAL ANALYSIS

Censored data

Life expectancy

Life table analysis

Kaplan-Meier methods

Log-rank test

Proportional hazards

Cox model

 

STATISTICAL QUALITY IN MEDICINE

Quality control of medical care errors

Quality control in medical laboratory

Quality of measurements

Validity and reliability

Robustness

External validation

Sensitivity analysis

Uncertainty analysis

Bootstrap and Jackknifing

 

STATISTICAL FALLACIES

Biased sample

Incomparable groups

Mixing of groups

Misuse of percentages and means

Inappropriate reporting

Inadequate analysis

Misinterpretation

 

PUBLIC HEALTH

Standardized death rate

Standardized mortality ratio

Death spectrum

Prevalence and incidence

Attack rates

Epidemiological consistency

Indicators of mental and social health

Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)

Healthy life expectancy

Health situation analysis

Health planning and evaluation